Algarve, Portugal Guide

The Algarve region in southern Portugal has a rich and fascinating history that has shaped its culture, landscape, and people.

The earliest known inhabitants of the Algarve were the Phoenicians, who arrived around 1000 BC and established trading posts along the coast. They were followed by the Carthaginians, Romans, and Moors, who all left their mark on the region. The Romans built roads, bridges, and villas, while the Moors introduced new agricultural techniques and built impressive fortifications and castles.

In the 13th century, the Algarve was conquered by the Portuguese king Afonso III, who incorporated it into the Kingdom of Portugal. This marked the beginning of a period of prosperity and growth for the region, as it became an important center for maritime trade and fishing. The city of Lagos, in particular, flourished as a major port for trade with Africa and the Americas.

In the 15th century, the Algarve played a crucial role in the Age of Discovery, as Portuguese navigators and explorers set sail from its shores to discover new lands and establish colonies. This period saw the birth of the Portuguese Empire, with the Algarve serving as a gateway to the vast riches of Africa, Asia, and the New World.

However, the region also faced its fair share of challenges and conflicts. In the 16th century, it was repeatedly attacked by pirates, and in the 17th and 18th centuries, it was devastated by earthquakes. The 19th century saw the decline of the Algarve’s economy, as many of its ports lost their importance and traditional industries such as fishing and agriculture declined.

It was not until the 1960s and 1970s that the Algarve experienced a resurgence, thanks to the growth of tourism. The region’s warm climate, picturesque beaches, and charming towns and villages attracted visitors from all over the world, leading to the development of a thriving tourism industry that continues to this day.

Today, the Algarve is a popular destination for holidaymakers, retirees, and expats, and its economy is largely reliant on tourism. However, the region has managed to preserve its rich cultural heritage, with its charming whitewashed villages, Moorish-influenced architecture, and traditional festivals and cuisine still playing an important role in its identity.